The Whisker Whisper Blog
Check out these blog posts and articles to help cat owners everywhere and share stories from inside the shelter. Learn about common behavioral or medical conditions, step inside the mind of a cat and learn a few fun new facts!
Spaying and neutering are critical procedures in the fight against pet overpopulation, but they also do so much more than that. For cat owners and advocates in Colorado, understanding the importance of these surgeries is essential not only for the well-being of individual cats but also for the health of the community. February is National Spay and Neuter Awareness Month, which makes now the purrfect time to reflect on the significance of these procedures and take action to support them. In this post, we’ll explain why spaying and neutering matters, highlight pertinent Colorado-specific data, laws, and resources, and explore the role these procedures play in ensuring a safe and healthy future for all cats.
The Overpopulation Crisis
The biggest benefit of spaying and neutering is helping to control the pet population. Population control has countless advantages, from reducing the number of homeless animals to improving overall community well-being.
Each year, millions of cats across the United States end up in shelters. Despite significant declines over the last few decades, an estimated 3.3 million cats entered shelters in 2023, according to Shelter Animals Count. Colorado contributes to this number with animal shelters statewide reporting significantly higher intake numbers since 2021, making overcrowding a continued and consistent concern. Considering that millions of pets were not spayed or neutered during the pandemic, it is increasingly important for pets to receive these surgeries and support the decrease in shelter populations.
Fortunately, spaying and neutering are simple, effective tools to prevent unwanted litters. Beyond population control, these procedures also offer additional health and behavioral benefits!
Benefits of Spaying and Neutering
Spaying (most commonly removing the ovaries and uterus of female cats) and neutering (removing the testicles of male cats) offer numerous benefits:
- Health Advantages: Spayed female cats do not develop uterine infections and less likely mammary tumors, while neutered males are at reduced risk for testicular cancer and prostate issues.
- Behavioral Improvements: Neutered males are less likely to spray urine to mark territory, engage in aggressive behaviors and to roam if they get outside, Spayed females won’t experience heat cycles, which can lead to excessive vocalization and anxiety.
- Community Impact: Fewer stray and feral cats mean decreased spread of diseases like toxoplasmosis, parasites, and rabies. If a cat goes outdoors and has a smaller territory due to reduced roaming, it can lead to reduced hunting of native wildlife which produces a healthier balance in urban ecosystems. Please note that Cat Care Society (CCS) encourages all cat owners to keep their cat indoors for many research-based health and safety reasons.
- Population Control: Preventing unwanted litters reduces the number of cats entering shelters, allowing resources to be directed toward those cats already in need.
Colorado Laws and Programs Supporting Spay/Neuter Initiatives
Colorado has made significant strides in promoting spaying and neutering through state and local legislative action. The Pet Animal Care Facilities Act (PACFA), overseen by the Colorado Department of Agriculture, regulates shelters, rescues, and pet care facilities. PACFA mandates that all pet shelters and rescues spay or neuter each cat before releasing them to a new owner.
Cities also have local laws in place for spaying and neutering. For example, Denver requires cat owners to spay or neuter their cats by six months of age. Alternatively, owners can obtain an annual permit for unaltered cats while also complying with all licensing requirements. Breeding cats requires a separate license. Always check your local laws for specific requirements.
Addressing Feral Cat Populations
In Colorado, feral cat colonies pose unique challenges. These cats, often unsocialized and unadoptable, contribute significantly to overpopulation. Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) programs are a humane and effective solution. Through TNR, feral cats are trapped, spayed or neutered, vaccinated, and returned to their original location. This approach stabilizes colony sizes and reduces the number of kittens born in the wild. Cat Care Society rents traps to help support TNR efforts. These initiatives not only control populations but also improve the quality of life for feral cats by reducing health issues and reducing conflicts with humans.
Cat Care Society’s Spaying and Neutering Policy
Cat Care Society has long championed spaying and neutering as a critical part of its mission, performing over 400 spay/neuter surgeries in 2024. Every cat adopted through CCS is spayed or neutered before leaving the shelter (unless there is a documented medical reason preventing the procedure from being performed safely), ensuring that adopters take home a pet that will not contribute to overpopulation and have the best chance of living a healthy and happy life.
Overcoming Myths and Misconceptions
Despite widespread advocacy, myths about spaying and neutering persist. We address some common misconceptions below:
- Myth: “My cat will become lazy or overweight after being spayed/neutered.”
Fact: Proper diet and exercise are the keys to maintaining a healthy weight, not reproductive status. - Myth: “My cat should have one litter before being spayed.”
Fact: There is no medical evidence to suggest that having a litter before being spayed is beneficial to the cat. In fact, spaying cats eliminates the possibility of developing uterine or ovarian cancer and reduces the risk of mammary cancer. - Myth: “It’s unnatural and/or painful to alter my cat.”
Fact: Domestic cats rely on humans for their well-being. Spaying and neutering prevent suffering caused by overpopulation and its consequences, making it a responsible and ethical choice for cat owners. Spay and neuter procedures are performed under general anesthesia so the procedure is not felt by the cat. There may be mild discomfort after the surgery, which can be lessened with pain medication, and most cats return to normal activity within 24-72 hours.
Taking Action: How You Can Help
If you’re a cat owner or advocate in Colorado, there are several ways to contribute to the spay and neuter movement:
- Spay or Neuter Your Cat: If your cat hasn’t been altered, schedule a surgery as soon as possible. Check out our Resources section of veterinary services, including low-cost clinics.
- Support TNR Programs: Get involved by volunteering with or donating to organizations that run TNR programs in your community. Explore our Resources section of groups offering services and resources for feral or unowned community cats and check out our blog post on other ways you can support local feral cats.
- Promote Awareness: Share the importance of spaying and neutering with kindness and compassion with others. Help dispel misconceptions and inspire others to practice responsible pet ownership.
- Adopt, Don’t Shop: By adopting from shelters, you’re giving a home to a cat that has likely already been spayed or neutered, supporting the broader community and mission of population control. If you’re ready to open up your home to a new cat, check out our adoptable cats.
Shaping Colorado’s Future: A Compassionate Commitment to Cats
Spaying and neutering play a crucial role in shaping the future of animal welfare. In Colorado, a state known for its vibrant and dedicated pet-loving community, these procedures are essential to giving every cat the chance for a safe and healthy life.
By prioritizing spaying and neutering, we can reduce shelter intake numbers, minimize euthanasia rates, and improve the overall quality of life for cats across the state. Donating makes a tangible difference—for example, a $25 donation covers the cost of one neuter surgery here at Cat Care Society. Together, we can make Colorado a model of compassion and care for our cat community.
About the Author: Beth Dokolasa is a volunteer for Cat Care Society and serves on the Board of Directors. She is an instructional developer for Natural Grocers and lives in Indian Hills, Colo., with her husband, daughter, and two cats, Techno and Digit.
Introduction
In Colorado, caring for animals isn’t just a calling—it’s a fundamental responsibility governed by the Pet Animal Care Facilities Act (PACFA). Established in 1994, this program protects the health, safety, and welfare of animals in pet care facilities while also protecting consumers who utilize pet-related services.
Whether someone runs an animal shelter (like we do at Cat Care Society!), a pet grooming business, a breeding operation, or a rescue, PACFA requires a license to legally care for animals. This state law sets comprehensive standards to ensure that animals in licensed facilities receive proper care. Through regular updates and inspections, PACFA prioritizes animal welfare, positioning Colorado as a leader in this field. In this article, we’ll explore the broad and comprehensive scope of PACFA, clarify what it doesn’t cover, and explain why it matters for pets and pet owners across Colorado.
PACFA’s Scope
PACFA is Colorado’s state law that regulates companion animal care facilities, ensuring animals receive proper treatment and live in environments where their physical and emotional needs are met. Some animals covered under PACFA include cats, dogs, birds, guinea pigs, mice, rats, hamsters, gerbils, ferrets, rabbits, reptiles, amphibians, and fish.
One of the strongest aspects of PACFA is its comprehensiveness and level of detail. Below are just some of the areas it covers. Note that requirements are individualized based on animal type.
- Animal housing and enclosures
- Size, based on animal, size, and length of stay
- Material
- Cleanliness
- Sanitation practices
- Food and water
- Storage
- Serving containers
- Access
- Sanitation practices
- Facility standards
- Safe building materials
- Water quality
- Lighting
- Air quality
- Temperature
- Secure enclosures
- Sanitation
- Overall maintenance
- Outdoor access and environment
- When animals must be separated from others based on behavior, type of facility, age of the animal, quantity, and type of the animal
- Animal supervision
- Veterinary care and disease control
- Transportation of animals
- Adoption/sale based on age and weight
- Pregnant and nursing animal care and environment standards
- Foster care requirements
- Contingency planning for natural disasters and other emergencies
- Proactive behavior and enrichment plans
- Recordkeeping related to each individual animal in care
PACFA Compliance and Oversight
The Colorado Department of Agriculture (CDA) is responsible for enforcing PACFA regulations. This oversight ensures that any organization involved in pet care operates with transparency, accountability, and a deep commitment to the animals in their charge. To earn and maintain a PACFA license, facilities like shelters, rescues, pet stores, and groomers must pass rigorous inspections, meet specific criteria on an ongoing basis, and complete annual reporting.
PACFA’s licensing program isn’t just about paperwork—it’s about safeguarding animal welfare. By maintaining a PACFA license, facilities commit to meeting essential standards for animal housing, health, and safety, all under the enforcement of the CDA. And as these standards are regularly updated, shelters and rescues must stay current, adapting to new regulations that reflect the evolving practices in animal care. Additionally, current PACFA licensees must complete a qualifying continued education every two years to stay up-to-date with PACFA’s standards.
What are the differences between an animal shelter, a rescue, and a sanctuary?
While the terms shelter, rescue, and sanctuary are often used interchangeably, the Colorado Department of Agriculture provides distinct legal definitions for each. The Rules and Regulations Pertaining to the Administration and Enforcement of the Pet Animal Care and Facilities Act (8 CCR 1201-11) specify the classifications for various types of animal facilities. At Cat Care Society (CCS), we operate as a private non-profit animal shelter and do not receive any government funding.
- Animal Rescue – any firm, person, or corporation that accepts pet animals for the purpose of finding permanent adoptive homes for these animals and does not maintain a central facility for keeping animals.
- Animal Shelter Facility: any firm, person, or corporation, whether public or private, that houses pet animals for impoundment purposes; or a centralized, private facility that accepts or houses pet animals and whose facilities are self-contained and used exclusively for the purpose of caring for and housing pet animals according to these rules.
- Animal Sanctuary Facility: a subclassification of “animal shelter,” is any private facility that harbors pet animals, that is not used for impoundment purposes, and that is not used exclusively for the purpose of caring for or housing pet animals.
What PACFA Doesn’t Cover
PACFA isn’t animal control or animal protection. Municipal animal control units enforce municipal and state ordinances typically related to private citizen pet ownership, such as dog licensing, leash laws, lost and found, and cruelty/neglect. However, PACFA staff may partner with a local animal control unit if animal cruelty and neglect is discovered.
Additionally, PACFA is required by the state to report animal cruelty and neglect to local law enforcement or the Colorado Bureau of Animal Protection (BAP). BAP conducts outreach and education to prevent neglect and mistreatment of domestic and companion animals in Colorado and follow-up on complaints to help enforce pertinent laws.
PACFA doesn’t oversee licensure of veterinarians or vet techs. The State Board of Veterinary Medicine within Colorado’s Department of Regulatory Medicine regulates and licenses/registers veterinarians and veterinary technicians in the State of Colorado.
Cat Care Society: Raising the Bar
Since 1981 Cat Care Society has been committed to a very simple mission: provide cats with the best possible care until they find their forever homes. We fully comply with PACFA’s standards, and our commitment to evolving with the research behind these regulations reflects our ongoing dedication to providing the best possible care for the cats we serve. But we don’t stop there. We believe every cat deserves a safe, loving environment, regardless of age or medical condition.
From individualized care plans to behavioral enrichment programs and our exceptional volunteer and foster teams, we strive to exceed PACFA’s requirements to make sure each cat is living its best life. That includes having a free-roaming environment for our cats and going above and beyond in evaluating older and special-needs cats to determine the best course of treatment and care.
Why PACFA Matters
PACFA isn’t just about enforcing rules—it’s about creating a culture of responsibility and compassion across the entire pet care field. By ensuring that everyone in the business of caring for animals meets high standards, PACFA guarantees that every cherished pet gets the attention, safety, and love they deserve.
And at Cat Care Society, we’re all about love—our love for cats and our dedication to upholding the values that PACFA instills. Together, with PACFA’s guidance, we’ll continue to make Colorado a better, safer place for animals, one purr at a time.
Use PACFA and CCS Resources to Make Informed Choices
We want all animals to be treated with respect and care which is why we encourage you to reference the PACFA Active Facilities List when selecting a pet care service. The CDA also provides detailed information on their website including data, FAQs, and of course, the full PACFA legislation. Here at CCS, we’re committed to transparency, so on our About Us page, you can find details about how we care for our cats, our latest impact report, our strategic plan, and much more! We also offer an extensive list of recommended pet service providers on our Resources page.
About the Author: Beth Dokolasa is a volunteer for Cat Care Society and serves on the Board of Directors. She is an instructional developer for Natural Grocers and lives in Indian Hills, Colo., with her husband, daughter, and two cats, Techno and Digit.
Winter, with its short days and chilly weather, often confines us indoors, making it the perfect season to enjoy the warmth and company of a cat. A field of study known as zooeyia (pronounced zoo-AY-uh) explores the positive impact of human-animal interactions on health, including physical, mental and emotional health. Meaning a cat isn’t just comforting a cozy companion during the colder months, but you share a beneficial, lifelong bond. In this article, we’ll explore the many health benefits to sharing your home with a cat. We’ll also provide some fun activities to enjoy with your cat during a cozy snow day.
Zooeyia: The Healing Power of Pets
Derived from the Greek word for “animal” (zoion) and “health” (Hygeia, the ancient Greek goddess of health), zooeyia encompasses the wide-ranging physical, emotional, and social benefits of owning pets. Cats, as beloved companions, exemplify zooeyia by their ability to:
- Boost Mental Health: Cats have been shown to reduce stress and increase happiness in both adults and children. They often become part of family rituals and conversations, bringing joy and connection among household members. Despite their occasionally aloof expressions, cats don’t judge us. Their calming presence, combined with their warm purrs and cozy lap-sits, playful zoomies and graceful stretches, can instantly lighten our mood. Research supports this: petting a cat lowers cortisol, the stress hormone, and increases oxytocin, a chemical that promotes trust and reduces anxiety. Caring for a cat can also enhance self-esteem and provide emotional support, which helps prevent loneliness and makes life’s struggles easier to manage.
- Support Physical Health: Studies have found that cat owners maintain lower heart rates and blood pressure during stressful tasks and recover faster than non-owners. Additionally, owning a cat is linked to a reduced risk of heart attack and cardiovascular disease—even for those who no longer own a cat but did in the past. These benefits remain significant even when controlling for factors like blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking, and body mass index.
- Promote Physical Activity: Engaging in interactive play with cats keeps both you and your kitty active, even indoors. Not to mention, cats can boost flexibility—they’ll have you bending down to rescue lost toys from under the couch, squatting to clean the litter box, and perfecting your poses as they “help” during yoga sessions!
Fun Indoor Activities to Enjoy with Your Cat
Combat winter monotony by getting creative with your cat! These activities not only enrich your pet’s life but also elevate your mood and strengthen the bond between you and your kitty.
- Build a Pillow Fort: Transform your living room into a cozy playground by constructing a fort with pillows, blankets, and boxes. Most cats love exploring confined, soft spaces, making this a win for both comfort and entertainment.
- Get Crafty With New DIY Toys: Create cat toys with household items, like crumpled paper balls and empty toilet paper rolls, to stimulate your cat’s hunting instincts. Be sure to give your cat a high-protein snack afterwards, which is what they would enjoy after hunting in the wild.
- Watch a Movie Together: Find a bird documentary to stream and watch it with your cat. It’ll provide you both with entertaining mental enrichment.
- Use Extra Indoor Time for Training: Contrary to popular belief, cats can learn tricks, especially when you use clicker training. Use positive reinforcement to teach your cat simple commands like “sit” or “high five.” Clicker training not only engages a cat’s mind but also supports their mental health, making it especially beneficial for cats who are easily stressed.
- Create a Winter Spa Day: Groom your cat with a gentle brushing session, trim their nails, brush their teeth, and take a nap together. This strengthens your bond and keeps them healthy, especially their coat, which is important during the dry winter months.
Note that some cats need breaks from physical touch. Read our blog post on overstimulation in cats to learn how to recognize the signs to ensure a positive experience.
Closing Thoughts
Cats offer much more than companionship—they embody the principles of zooeyia by enhancing our mental and physical health, especially in challenging times like winter. Pairing these benefits with fun activities ensures both you and your cat stay happy and engaged. We always have cats available for adoption, so check them out if you’re ready to embrace the warmth and joy they bring to your home (or multiply it if you already have cats!).
About the Author: Beth Dokolasa is a volunteer for Cat Care Society and serves on the Board of Directors. She is an instructional developer for Natural Grocers and lives in Indian Hills, Colo., with her husband, daughter, and two cats, Techno and Digit.
Resources
Allen, K., Blascovich, J., & Mendes, W. (1998). Cardiovascular reactivity and the presence of pets, friends, and spouses: the truth about cats and dogs. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 30(1–2), 116. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8760(98)90295-1
Anderson, K. L., & Olson, J. M. (2015). The value of a pet in enhancing the quality of life. The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, 28(4), 526–534. https://www.jabfm.org/content/28/4/526.long
McConnell, A. R., Brown, C. M., Shoda, T. M., Stayton, L. E., & Martin, C. E. (2011). Friends with benefits: On the positive consequences of pet ownership. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101(6), 1239-1252. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024506
Stammbach, K. B., & Turner, D. C. (1999). Understanding the Human—Cat Relationship: Human Social Support or Attachment. Anthrozoös, 12(3), 162–168. https://doi.org/10.2752/089279399787000237
Introduction
With Halloween approaching, it’s the perfect time to spotlight a particular type of cat—and no, we’re not talking about black cats! Instead, we’re focusing on tri-color cats, whose coats feature a mix of black, orange, and white in varying patterns and ratios. While “tri-color” and “calico” are often used interchangeably, calico cats have a distinct coat pattern. Tortoiseshell cats are also considered tri-color, even though they usually lack white and have their own unique pattern. It’s important to remember that “calico” and “tortoiseshell” refer to coat patterns, not breeds. These color combinations are the result of genetics and can appear in any breed, though they are more commonly found in breeds like American Shorthair, British Shorthair, Japanese Bobtail, Maine Coon, and Persian.
There are also diluted and tabby variations of tortoiseshell and calico cats—so many colorful kitties to love! In the rest of this article, we’ll explore the different markings and patterns that define each type of tri-color coat. By the end, you’ll be able to recognize the unique beauty of every tri-color cat you encounter.
Tri-color Cat Genetics
Tri-color cats are almost always female, with approximately one in 3,000 being male. This is because two X chromosomes are needed to have a distinctive tri-color coat. Typically, if a cat has an XX pair, she will be female. Male cats have an XY chromosome pair, so they’re not tri-color unless they have at least one extra chromosome (XXY). Unfortunately, these males often suffer from Klinefelter’s Syndrome, a condition that can negatively affect their health and longevity.
Calico Cats and Their Variations
Calico cat coats feature patches of solid orange, black, and white. The white color is a result of a genetic condition called piebalding, which occurs in a range of other domestic and farm animals. In a diluted calico, the colors are more muted to cream, gray, and white, due to a gene inherited from one of the parents that diminishes color intensity.
“Tabico” is a term for cats that have a combination of tabby and calico markings. These cats have large patches of orange and black on a white background, with tabby stripes overlaying some of the black and orange areas. When tabby stripes cover the forehead, they form the distinctive “tabby M.” A diluted tabico’s coat features cream, gray, and white fur.
Tortoiseshell Cats and Their Variations
Tortoiseshell, or “tortie,” cats have brindle patterns (irregular stripes or streaks) of orange and black with little to no white. A diluted tortie has gray and cream colors and is a result of both parents carrying a recessive gene that impacts the intensity of the colors.
A torbie cat exhibits both the multi-colored brindle pattern of a tortoiseshell cat and the characteristic stripes or spots of a tabby. Like the tabico, if there are tabby stripes on the cat’s forehead, they will display the “tabby M.” Diluted torbies usually have a cream, gray and white coat.
Tortico: A Unique Blend
A “tortico” is a combination of classic tortie and calico markings, featuring large patches of orange and black brindling on a white background. A diluted tortico is relatively rare, and will be gray and cream, and white.
Closing and Final Fun Facts!
As you can see, there are many variations of tri-color cats but you can still count yourself lucky if you run into one! In many cultures tri-color cats are connected with good luck and good fortune, and in the U.S., they are sometimes called “money cats.”
People who have tri-color cats often report that they’re equally sweet and sassy and tortoiseshell cat owners often refer to their feisty side as having “tortitude.” However, since tri-color cats aren’t a breed, research hasn’t been able to confirm that this extra feistiness is a distinct trait related to their coat pattern. That said, if you haven’t taken our “Whats Your Cat Purrsonality” quiz on our Just Fur Fun page, now’s your chance! Discover which cat breed or color pattern best represents you—maybe even find out if you have a bit of tortitude!”
About the Author: Beth Dokolasa is a volunteer for Cat Care Society and serves on the Board of Directors. She is an instructional developer for Natural Grocers and lives in Indian Hills, Colo., with her husband, daughter, and two cats, Techno and Digit.
Imagine a cat who embodies charm in the most unexpected ways — a grumpy old soul with baggage yet a heart full of hidden warmth. That’s Scrunkly for you. In October 2023, this white senior arrived at Cat Care Society, the perfect blend of quirky, disheveled and endearing.
Rescued from the streets of Longmont and sent to Cat Care Society, Scrunkly arrived with a hefty dose of grump and a laundry list of medical issues.
We knew Scrunkly was going to be a special case needing a high level of care. He was in poor condition and quite simply, a hot mess. He refused to be handled for his intake exam and required sedation.
Once we got a better look at what was in front of us, we realized the extent of his conditions. Chronic kidney disease, arthritis, asthma, anemia, a heart murmur and inverted eyelids were just the beginning. Add a breaking upper respiratory infection (URI) and conjunctivitis, and he was placed on an aggressive medication and treatment schedule.
But no matter how much he fought us, we were determined to give Scrunkly the care he needed.
Within a week, the first breakthrough. His URI resolved and congestion cleared. Then we discovered at least one source of pain: a mystery mass in his abdomen, which turned out to be a massive hairball we removed.
He was stable, but the road ahead had more bumps.
It was time for Scrunkly to go to a foster who could better assess his quality of life in a calmer environment. In Emma’s home, he slowly began to present another side of himself. One that started to like being pet and demand a spot on the couch, his grumbles slowly turning into greetings.
With his most urgent issues addressed and his other conditions chronic, Scrunkly was up for adoption.
This grumpy old man with a penchant for complaining was about to hit the jackpot. Dylan, a veterinary professional with a soft spot for elderly cats, stumbled on Scrunkly’s photo on Petfinder. After showing his partner, they couldn’t wait to meet him.
“At the shelter, Scrunkly was very shy, but the gingerly way he walked melted our hearts, and we decided we loved him and wanted him to live with us,” Dylan recalled.
Unafraid of his medical needs, Dylan and Dante’s patience was worth it. It took months for Scrunkly to allow them to touch him, but he slowly began to trust them. He leaned into their hands. Now, he greets them with headbutts and purrs when they come home. 
“He’s just a gem, and his grumbles melt my heart!” Dylan said. “We’re obsessed with him. He’s hilarious, and he makes us laugh all the time with his sweet and silly personality.”
We knew that Scrunkly was never going to be the world’s most affectionate, outgoing cat. But we also knew that someone would love him for exactly who he is.
What we did for Scrunkly is what we inherently do here at CCS. By figuring out what he needed and creating a plan to manage his conditions, he was set up for success.
When you donate to us, you ensure that the future Scrunklys have a shot at finding a loving home, too. Your financial support means we can continue to diagnose and treat the hardest of cases. We can say yes to helping more cats who need a second chance.
Thank you for supporting this work!
EC Michaels Executive Director
Is your cat constantly scratching or grooming themselves? Allergies could be the cause.
Just like humans, cats can suffer from food allergies, environmental allergies such as pollen, dander, mold, feathers, cleaning solutions, etc., as well as flea allergies. The incidence of allergies in cats has been rising, and determining the specific allergen can require some detective work and assistance from your vet.
In this post, we’ll explore the complexities of identifying cat allergies, discuss treatment options and share an inside look at how Cat Care Society (CCS) handles allergies in our shelter cats.
Allergy Symptoms in Cats
Regardless of the allergy trigger, the most common sign a cat has an allergy is itchy skin, which often leads to excessive scratching and overgrooming (or licking themselves, sometimes to the point that you may notice bald patches or hair loss, maybe even infection).
In most cats, flea bites cause only minor irritation in cats. However, if a cat has a flea allergy, it can trigger a severe reaction, resulting in excessive scratching, hair loss and the development of sores and scabs. Food and environmental allergies can cause similar symptoms of overgrooming and scratching. These open sores can become infected with bacteria, creating an even more significant issue. The scabs, known as miliary dermatitis, are named for their resemblance to millet seeds.
For example, Bitter, one of our shelter cats pictured below, came to CCS with miliary dermatitis all over her face and was a very itchy girl. After a couple of months and some adjustments to find the right treatment, her skin improved, and she is now a happy, friendly and playful kitty enjoying her new home.
What to Consider When Adopting a Cat with a Potential Allergy
At Cat Care Society, every cat with a suspected allergy has an allergy waiver included in his or her records. This waiver provides potential adopters with insights into what they might expect if they adopt the cat and includes useful information to share with their veterinarian for developing a long-term allergy management plan. If a cat remains in CCS’ care long enough to show positive results from the allergy protocol, the waiver is updated with details about the cat’s response and the suspected allergy status. See the example allergy waiver below.
Cat Care Society’s Allergy Waiver
This cat is being treated for allergies. Allergies may have multiple causes, including food or environmental causes. While humans generally develop upper respiratory allergies (runny nose, watery eyes), cats tend to develop skin allergies which leads to itchiness and scratching, which can cause secondary infections. This cat is currently being managed with antibiotics to treat the secondary infection and a corticosteroid called prednisolone that treats the allergy itself. He has also been placed on a special diet to help control any underlying food allergies. He will likely need long-term, ongoing treatment to manage his condition, and his skin may never fully resolve to that of a normal cat. The goal for cats with allergies is to minimize itchiness/discomfort and minimize secondary bacterial infections of the skin. Cats with allergies will sometimes have “flare-ups” requiring additional veterinary care, even when allergies are generally well controlled. Please share these medical records with your veterinarian and discuss what long-term management strategy will be most effective for this cat; most likely, he will need long-term management with daily medications and a prescription diet.
This condition is likely to require ongoing care and management. Please consult your vet regarding ongoing monitoring and management of this condition. CCS is not responsible for any further diagnostics or treatment regarding this condition.
If your cat has a suspected food allergy, your vet may recommend a dietary elimination trial to remove common allergens. There are also blood tests your veterinarian can run to help identify your cat’s allergy trigger. Once the trigger has been identified, treatment is often manageable by simply avoiding or eliminating the trigger, such as a specific food ingredient or household product.
For flea allergies, regular use of a flea control product can effectively prevent flea bites. If your cat has seasonal environmental allergies, your veterinarian can recommend the best management approach based on your cat’s specific needs. Since there is no cure for allergies — only treatment of symptoms to improve quality of life — it is important to monitor your cat for flare-ups so treatment can be adjusted as needed.
How Cat Care Society Manages Cats with Allergies
Dr. Cecily Palamara, CCS’ lead veterinarian, shared the approach her team takes with cats in the shelter suspected of having allergies. First, cats are typically identified by excessive scratching and grooming. Those cats are put in a special room together and fed prescription allergy food. They’re also given Atopica, a medication that suppresses the immune system but is generally safer than steroids with fewer side effects.
If you visit CCS, you’ll notice that some of the cats are wearing cones or donuts to help prevent overgrooming, allowing their scabs and wounds to heal properly. CCS’ medical team uses this multipronged approach to help alleviate symptoms as soon as possible and to help make the cats feel more comfortable. And it has proven to be very successful.
“In the shelter, our main goal is to make these cats comfortable quickly, give them the best chance of adoption and show their adopter that it can be managed,” Dr. Palamara said.
Additionally, many times, CCS takes in cats with limited or no documented history, so it’s initially unclear if there’s a behavioral issue causing the overgrooming, such as anxiety, arthritis or FIC (Feline Idiopathic Cystitis). One CCS cat, Chief Benja, is a great example of this type of situation. At first, the CCS medical team wasn’t sure if his overgrooming and hair loss on his back was due to a behavior issue or underlying pain and discomfort. After a behavioral and pain medication didn’t make a difference, they switched to their full allergy protocol, and now he has a full, healthy coat. In the picture below, you can see the hair growing back on Chief Benja’s side and leg. He is now thriving in his new forever home!
Humans with Allergies to Cats
According to the American Academy of Family Physicians, an estimated 10% to 20% of the global population is allergic to cats, making cat allergies the second most common indoor respiratory allergy, after house dust mites. The rising rates of cat allergies align with the growing number of Google searches for “hypoallergenic cats” over the past two decades. For those interested in hypoallergenic options, Sphynx cats, which are hairless, are among the closest you can get to a hypoallergenic cat, although their effectiveness can vary from person to person. This is because allergies can also be triggered by proteins in cat saliva and cat dander (dead skin flakes), not just fur. Every person’s body and allergy response is different, so it’s best to consult with your doctor to identify your specific allergy triggers and find an appropriate solution.
Cats With Allergies Are Nothing to Sneeze At
Dr. Palamara shared some comforting words for anyone interested in adopting a cat with allergies — or someone who already has a cat with them! “Allergy cats can be very challenging, but they can also be very, very rewarding,” she said. “Don’t overlook these cats, even though they may be a little bit more intensive in terms of care. Our allergy room is my favorite right now because you walk in, sit on the ground, and all the cats come up and lay on you; they’re the sweetest kitties. Once you’ve educated yourself about what it entails to take care of one of these cats, it’s it is doable for a lot of people.”
If you suspect your cat has an allergy, visit our Veterinary and Medical Services resource page to find a vet for support. Check out other CCS blog posts related to cat health and medical care to stay informed about your cat’s wellness, and if this article sparked your interest in learning more about cat behavior, there are plenty of blog posts about that, too!
About the Author: Beth Dokolasa is a volunteer for Cat Care Society and served on the organization’s junior board. She is an instructional developer for Natural Grocers and lives in Indian Hills, Colo., with her husband, young daughter, and two cats, Techno and Digit.
In today’s busy world, finding time to contribute to causes we care about can be challenging. Workplace giving programs make this easy, offering a unique and impactful way to make a difference. These programs empower employees to support their favorite charities directly through their employers via automatic payroll deductions, fostering a culture of giving and a community of change-makers.
Why Workplace Giving Matters
When you participate in workplace giving, you are able to easily support your favorite charities
- Simplified Giving: Streamline the donation process and give without the hassle of doing it on your own. If you choose to support multiple non-profits, this eliminates the need for you to make multiple transactions.
- Increased Impact: Some employers match employee donations, doubling or even tripling the impact of individual contributors and allowing your support to go further.
- Enhanced Engagement: Companies that promote giving often see higher levels of employee engagement and satisfaction. When employees align their work with their values, they feel a stronger sense of purpose and connection to their organization.
- Stronger Communities: Workplace giving programs enable organizations to pool resources and support a range of causes. This collective effort helps address local and global challenges and creates a ripple effect of positive change.
- Tax Benefits: Contributions made through workplace giving are often tax-deductible, providing extra financial benefit.
How Your Dollars Help
Last year, Colorado employees made a significant difference in the lives and well-being of shelter cats! Thanks to these generous donors, the average gift amount made to local non-profits like us was $494 per contributor (source)!
When Cat Care Society receives donor contributions, we put the money directly into the care of our cats. Here are just some of the ways your dollars are at work:
- $500 pays for 20 days of care for a shelter cat — the average length of time before adoption.
- $300 covers the average cost of stay for a kitten’s care.
- $100 provides a year’s worth of arthritis medicine for 6 seniors.
- $50 buys two weeks of diabetic food for one cat.
- $25 pays for one neuter surgery.
- $5 pays for a FVRCP vaccine for one cat.
How to Get Started & Support CCS
The first step to participating as an employee is to check with your employer (try your supervisor or HR manager) to find out if they allow workplace giving and offer payroll deductions. If they do, you should receive a form where you can designate which charity you would like to support and how much of your paycheck should be deducted for donations. Then, you can rest assured that your funds are being provided to charities who need your support.
If your employer does not (yet) offer a workplace giving program, you can request that they offer it as a benefit! Encourage your colleagues to do the same; the more voices advocating for this benefit, the greater your chances are of getting it in place! Try out this sample template to send to your company’s HR contact:
Dear [HR Director Name],
One of the things I value most about [COMPANY NAME] is its commitment to community, and that is why I would like to suggest that we start a workplace giving campaign.
Workplace giving allows employees to make automated tax-deductible gifts through payroll deductions, and it is the highest yielding, lowest cost method of fundraising for non-profit organizations. In addition to boosting our company’s reputation and other benefits, workplace giving demonstrates [COMPANY NAME’s] support for the charitable interests of its employees, encourages teamwork and allows employees to assume ownership of a visible and important event.
Being able to give to charitable organizations that I care about through payroll deduction at the workplace is important to me, and I would appreciate it if our company would offer it.
Questions? Contact Ashleigh Leader, director of philanthropy, at aleader@catcaresociety.org or 303-237-4559 to learn more!
Cat Care Society has proudly participated in Community Shares of Colorado and the Combined Federal Campaign since 1997.
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What Do Other Employees Say About Workplace Giving?
The following quotes are direct from the mouths of local state employees who participate in the Colorado Combined Campaign (CCC) about the positive community impact of workplace giving:
- “I believe in giving back to causes that matter to me. It is encouraging to have the support of my organization.”
- “This makes it easy to help my community, and the charities are ones I believe in.”
- “I believe if we can, we all have a responsibility to help out others in need. I feel I’m just doing my part as I should. Besides, times change and maybe someday I’ll be the one in need and if that’s the case I’d like to think there’d be someone there to help me out.”
- “It is a convenient way to set up donations that I can have come out of my paycheck in small chunks which adds up for the organization by the end of the year. It is also really nice to be able to research new organizations that I haven’t heard of before.”
Together, Colorado employees can contribute to positive change in their communities, impacting lives and creating a better world. Start your contribution today!
Ever wonder how our shelter came to be? This is our origin story.
Cat Care Society (CCS) was founded in 1981 by Linda East, DVM and Lynn Rowe. It began on the second floor of East’s Lincoln Street cat-only veterinary clinic near downtown Denver and became an official 501(c)(3) federally tax exempt non-profit organization in October 1982.
In 1985, the founders purchased a small home at 11th and Harlan in Lakewood, which was converted and served as a shelter for the next 16 years. The house was sold when the shelter later relocated, but it still stands there today.
Kathy Macklem Hill was the organization’s first executive director, serving 20 years in total until January 2006. The first statistics collected in 1986 for eight months showed 146 adoptions, an average of 16 per month (compare this to our stats today!).
Photos: The Early Days
The current property was purchased as a parcel of land in the fall of 1994 to serve as a new cage-free cat shelter. It took much work to rezone the area from office to industrial use. A capital campaign was established to raise funds to build the shelter.
At this time, CCS only had three paid employees — a shelter manager, cleaner and a volunteer coordinator. The shelter manager also served as the vet tech, receptionist, adoption coordinator and fill-in cleaner, on call 24/7. The executive director volunteered her time at 60 to 80 hours a week. By this time, CCS was doing an average of 27 adoptions per month.
The small white house on the front of the property is the original farmhouse located on the property. In 1995, it was renovated to house a charity thrift store called Cajun’s Closet, named after CCS’ mascot at the time. Cajun was a large long-haired orange tabby in residence at the shop until 2002 when his health began to fail. After losing one eye and becoming blind in the other, it was time for him to retire. When the thrift shop closed, it was again remodeled for much-needed office space and now holds multiple administrative offices and some very special cats.
It took six years of grassroots fundraising from 1995 to 2001 to break ground on the $1.2 million, 10,000 square foot custom-built facility at 5787 W 6th Avenue in Lakewood. The shelter as we know it opened in 2001 and is where we still are today. The new building also allowed us to open our first in-shelter store, Meow Mart!
By 2002, adoptions increased to 862, an average of 72 per month.
In October 2005, we completed the lower level of the shelter and opened The Cat Clinic at Cat Care Society, which served both private-pay clients and low-income families. In 2018, the clinic was closed as it was no longer financially sustainable. However, the shelter cats are still taken care of in this area by our medical care team as all medical and treatment care remains in-house.
The first-ever Tails of the Painted Cats event was announced in 2010 and debuted in 2011, now heading into its 10th gala.
Learn more about us in this 40th-anniversary video produced by 9News Denver:
What do you remember of Cat Care Society’s early years? Share your memories and favorite moments in the comments!
Regular nail trims are an essential part of cat care, promoting both cat and human well-being while protecting your furniture, clothes and skin! However, it can be an anxiety-inducing task for everyone involved. Fortunately, there are many effective approaches to trimming your cat’s nails, and finding the right strategy can make the experience more manageable and less stressful for both you and your cat. Here, learn why nail trimming is important, when and how to trim a cat’s nails, and bonus tips for addressing issues that can arise from nails that would make even Freddy Krueger jealous.
Cat Paw Anatomy 101
Cats typically have 18 claws in total, with five on each front paw and four on each hind paw. The inner, shorter claw on the front paws is called a dewclaw. Unlike the other claws, dewclaws don’t usually touch the ground while walking. However, they still play a role in climbing and grabbing. Since they don’t wear down naturally, dewclaws need regular trimming alongside the other claws to prevent them from getting overgrown and uncomfortable.
Why and When to Trim Your Cat’s Nails
If a cat’s nails grow too long, they can start to curve and may puncture their footpads, leading to discomfort, mobility issues and infections. Longer nails are also more likely to snag on soft surfaces, potentially hindering their ability to climb and causing injuries.
If you adopted your cat as a kitten, it’s a great idea to start getting into the habit of trimming right away so your cat gets used to it (not to mention, the kitten age is often when they are the most destructive!).
All claws, including dewclaws, need regular trimming, typically every 2-4 weeks for indoor cats. You may discover that your cat’s front paws need more frequent trimming than rear paws. Older or arthritic cats, who tend to be less active, often require more frequent trims compared to younger, more active cats. Additionally, older cats may develop thicker, brittle nails, further increasing the need for more frequent nail care.
A Note About Declawing
We want to be clear that a nail trim is not the same as declawing. A nail trim for a cat is equivalent to humans trimming their fingernails. Declawing, on the other hand, is a surgical amputation of the last bone of each toe on a cat’s paw. In human terms, it would be akin to cutting off every finger at the first knuckle. Declawing should NEVER be used to prevent unwanted scratching.
Declawing has been found to cause behavioral and health issues, including back pain, litter box aversion and biting. It is banned or considered unethical in dozens of countries and states. In several U.S. cities, such as Denver, it is illegal to declaw cats!
Cat Care Society supports this ban. Scratching is a normal cat behavior that serves multiple purposes: removing dead husks from claws, marking territory visually and with scent glands, muscle stretching, and expressing energy and emotion. If you’re frustrated about your cat scratching furniture, starting with regular nail trims and positive reinforcement for using approved trees and posts is a great approach! We also share some other tips later in this article.
How to Trim Your Cat’s Nails
Most commonly, cat owners use a nail trimmer specifically designed for cats (or small dogs) like the one shown below. If the clippers are new, let your cat smell them first.
Get in Position
Before diving in, make sure your cat is in a comfortable position and relaxed. You can opt to be positioned behind your cat or holding them with both of you facing forward to make your cat more secure. You can also make it a two-person job and have one person hold the cat in a comfortable position while a second person trims the nails. If your cat is more experienced and/or super relaxed, you may find that you can position yourself in front of your cat.
Begin Trimming!
Cats have retractable claws, so to trim them effectively, gently press on the top of their paw to extend the claw completely. Use your other hand to hold the clippers and get ready to trim. Only trim the white part of the claw. The pink part of the claw contains actual tissue and can cause pain if trimmed. The Kitten Lady has a great analogy: Just like when we trim our own fingernails, we only trim the white parts!
Continue trimming each claw on every paw. If your cat begins to get squirmy, take a break! It’s perfectly fine to trim their nails over multiple sessions. Be patient and offer praise or treats throughout to keep your cat calm and cooperative.
Extra Care for Anxious Cats
If your cat becomes very anxious or upset when having their paws touched and nails trimmed, you might find the “Kitty Burrito Method” helpful! All you need is a thick bath towel or blanket. Watch the video below for detailed instructions. Notice how the vet tech gently applies pressure from above to keep the cat secure.
Pro Tip: If you are unable to trim your cat’s nails for any reason, you can always find a groomer to do it. Many veterinarians and pet supply stores, such as Petco, Chuck & Don’s and PetSmart, offer nail trimming as a service.
Alternative and Complementary Scratching Solutions
There may be times when trimming a cat’s claws doesn’t completely solve the problem. Jake Confer, Cat Care Society’s shelter operations manager, recommends nail cap products like Soft Paws for situations when you want to ensure the safety of children or other animals from sharp claws. Claw caps can also help if a cat has skin issues and/or scratches themselves excessively. While it may take some time for the cat to adjust to the feeling of the caps on their claws, they do not interfere with nail growth or the cat’s natural ability to extend and retract their claws.
Other humane solutions for preventing cats from damaging furniture include using scratch barrier tape, applying deterrent spray to the area, and providing scratching toys that cater to your cat’s preferences. For instance, if your cat prefers scratching carpets, provide more scratching mats. If they scratch vertically on couch ends, add additional scratching posts. If you’re able to offer a catio space, that can also help deter inappropriate scratching.
Regular nail trimming for your cat is not just about protecting your furniture and skin — it’s a crucial part of their health and well-being. Fortunately, in most cases, nail trimming can become a manageable and stress-free experience for both you and your cat. Remember, it’s a gradual process that can be made easier with practice, patience and positive reinforcement.
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Be sure to check out Cat Care Society’s Resources page to find cat behavior and cat medical specialists, and read more about other ways you can help maintain your cat’s well-being in other blog posts!
About the Author: Beth Dokolasa is a volunteer for Cat Care Society and served on the organization’s junior board. She is an instructional developer for Natural Grocers and lives in Indian Hills, Colo., with her husband, young daughter, and two cats, Techno and Digit.
If you have ever searched online for “Is ____ plant cat-safe?” only to be met with confusion or fear, or felt like you needed to choose between having cats OR plants in your home, this post is for you! While some plants are absolutely poisonous to cats, there are many beautiful cat-friendly plants and flowers that you can incorporate into your home.
In this guide, we’ll explore which plants to avoid and which ones are safe for your cat-friendly oasis. We’ll also share some tips on how to keep your curious kitty from turning your plants into a 24/7 salad bar.
Poisonous Plants
Below is a list of common plants you absolutely want to avoid if you have a cat. From azaleas triggering heart failure to lilies causing kidney failure in just three days, caution is essential. Lilies, in particular, require special mention. Every part of the plant is toxic to cats, including stems, leaves, flowers, pollen and even the vase water. Simply brushing against lily pollen and then grooming themselves can trigger a dangerous reaction in cats.
- Amaryllis
- Autumn Crocus
- Azaleas
- Castor Bean
- Cyclamen
- Daffodils
- Lilies: Easter Lilies, Asisatic Lilies, Stargazer Lilies, Japanese Lilies, Casa Blanca Lilies, Tiger Lilies, Day Lilies, Palm Lilies, Lily of the Valley
- Morning Glory
- Oleander
- Rhododendron
- Sago Palm
If you have concerns that your cat ingested a poisonous substance (even beyond plants), contact the Animal Poison Control Center at 888-426-4435 or contact your veterinarian right away.
Toxic Plants
The plants below are considered toxic to cats and usually cause mild symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, and temporary irritation of the mouth, throat and skin. The severity of these effects depends on how much of the plant is ingested and your cat’s unique biological sensitivity. To be on the safe side, it’s best to avoid keeping these plants in your home altogether.
- Aloe
- American Holly
- Begonias
- Birds of Paradise
- Bougainvillea
- Calla Lilies
- Carnations
- Chrysanthemums
- Coleus
- Cosmos
- Dahlias
- Daisies
- Dumb Cane
- Elephant Ear
- Ficus, including Fiddle Leaf Figs and Rubber Trees
- Fleabane
- Gardenia
- Geraniums
- Hibiscus
- Hydrangeas
- Iris
- Jade
- Lavendar
- Monsteras/Swiss Cheese Plants
- Mother in Law Tongue/Snake Plant
- Pansies
- Peace Lilies
- Peonies
- Philodendrons
- Pink Dianthus
- Plumbago
- Poinsettias
- Pothos
- Primrose
- Tulips
- ZZ plants
Cat-Safe Plants
Fortunately, there are plenty of cat-safe plants and flowers to brighten your home! While individual sensitivities can vary, the plants listed below are generally considered non-toxic and won’t cause serious problems if nibbled. However, if your cat experiences any digestive upset after contact with a plant, always consult your veterinarian for peace of mind.
- African Violet
- Alyssum
- Asters
- Blue Daisy
- Boston Fern
- Bottlebrush Tree
- Camlia
- Canna Lily
- Ceolisia Plumosa
- Christmas Cactus
- Coreopsis
- Easter Cactus
- Echevaria Succulents
- Freesia
- Friendship Plant
- Gerber Daisies
- Hens and Chicks
- Impatiens
- Marigolds
- Orchids
- Pampas Grass
- Peperomia
- Persian Violet
- Petunias
- Polkadot Plant
- Roses
- Snapdragons
- Spider Plant
- Star Jasmine
- Statice
- Sunflowers
- Sword Fern
- Zebra Hawthornia
- Zinnia
How to Keep Cats from Chewing Plants
Even if you only have cat-safe plants, it doesn’t necessarily mean you want your cats chewing on them. Fortunately, there are some easy ways to deter them from making a meal out of your marigolds!
- Place plants out of reach of your cat. Hanging baskets, tall plant stands, inaccessible or floating shelves and high surfaces are all great options.
- If you have plants in pots that are elevated and accessible to your cat, consider using museum putty to keep them securely in place.
- Use citrus as a deterrent. Make a homemade spray with two drops of citrus (orange, lime or lemon) and 2 ounces of water. Lightly spray your plants with the mixture to keep your cat away.
- Opt for cat-safe plants with broader leaves. Plants with slimmer foliage, like spider plants, may be more enticing to cats as they resemble grass, which cats are naturally attracted to.
- Grow something just for them such as cat grass, wheatgrass or catnip. If your cat goes for one of your houseplants, redirect them to the plant they’re allowed to eat.
- Create a soil deterrent. If your cat is more attracted to the soil, crumple some aluminum foil over the top as they don’t like the sound of it. You can also stick some plastic forks tines up in the soil to deter digging. Another option is to spray a piece of burlap with your citrus spray and lightly lay it over the soil.
The research isn’t totally clear on why cats have an instinct to eat grass and greens. Some theories suggest plants may soothe upset stomachs, aid digestion or offer missing nutrients. It could also simply mean that they’re bored. Enrich their environment through play, cat TV, treat-dispensing toys and adding or switching up their vertical territory. This can help keep your cat stimulated and your houseplants safe.
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Final Tips and Resources
With a little planning and creativity, you can create a harmonious home for both your cat and your houseplants. It is important to note that while you will carefully choose cat-safe plants for your home, your neighbors’ yards and gardens might include hazardous plants, making it one of the many good reasons to keep your cat indoors.
If you have concerns that your cat ingested a poisonous substance (even beyond plants), you can contact the Animal Poison Control Center at 888-426-4435. They also offer a huge database of plants that are toxic and non-toxic to cats, including less common plants, shrubs, and trees. However, if you think your cat ingested one of the more poisonous plants, be sure to take them to your veterinarian right away or locate an emergency vet clinic near you.
Finally, to ensure your new cat and plant paradise remains safe, share your newfound knowledge and this article with family and friends. That way, you can avoid well-meaning but potentially poisonous gifts like bouquets!
About the Author: Beth Dokolasa is a volunteer for Cat Care Society and served on the organization’s junior board. She is an instructional developer for Natural Grocers and lives in Indian Hills, Colo., with her husband, young daughter, and two cats, Techno and Digit.
Spaying and neutering are critical procedures in the fight against pet overpopulation, but they also do so much more than that. For cat owners and advocates in Colorado, understanding the importance of these surgeries is essential not only for the well-being of individual cats but also for the health of the community. February is National Spay and Neuter Awareness Month, which makes now the purrfect time to reflect on the significance of these procedures and take action to support them. In this post, we’ll explain why spaying and neutering matters, highlight pertinent Colorado-specific data, laws, and resources, and explore the role these procedures play in ensuring a safe and healthy future for all cats.
The Overpopulation Crisis
The biggest benefit of spaying and neutering is helping to control the pet population. Population control has countless advantages, from reducing the number of homeless animals to improving overall community well-being.
Each year, millions of cats across the United States end up in shelters. Despite significant declines over the last few decades, an estimated 3.3 million cats entered shelters in 2023, according to Shelter Animals Count. Colorado contributes to this number with animal shelters statewide reporting significantly higher intake numbers since 2021, making overcrowding a continued and consistent concern. Considering that millions of pets were not spayed or neutered during the pandemic, it is increasingly important for pets to receive these surgeries and support the decrease in shelter populations.
Fortunately, spaying and neutering are simple, effective tools to prevent unwanted litters. Beyond population control, these procedures also offer additional health and behavioral benefits!
Benefits of Spaying and Neutering
Spaying (most commonly removing the ovaries and uterus of female cats) and neutering (removing the testicles of male cats) offer numerous benefits:
- Health Advantages: Spayed female cats do not develop uterine infections and less likely mammary tumors, while neutered males are at reduced risk for testicular cancer and prostate issues.
- Behavioral Improvements: Neutered males are less likely to spray urine to mark territory, engage in aggressive behaviors and to roam if they get outside, Spayed females won’t experience heat cycles, which can lead to excessive vocalization and anxiety.
- Community Impact: Fewer stray and feral cats mean decreased spread of diseases like toxoplasmosis, parasites, and rabies. If a cat goes outdoors and has a smaller territory due to reduced roaming, it can lead to reduced hunting of native wildlife which produces a healthier balance in urban ecosystems. Please note that Cat Care Society (CCS) encourages all cat owners to keep their cat indoors for many research-based health and safety reasons.
- Population Control: Preventing unwanted litters reduces the number of cats entering shelters, allowing resources to be directed toward those cats already in need.
Colorado Laws and Programs Supporting Spay/Neuter Initiatives
Colorado has made significant strides in promoting spaying and neutering through state and local legislative action. The Pet Animal Care Facilities Act (PACFA), overseen by the Colorado Department of Agriculture, regulates shelters, rescues, and pet care facilities. PACFA mandates that all pet shelters and rescues spay or neuter each cat before releasing them to a new owner.
Cities also have local laws in place for spaying and neutering. For example, Denver requires cat owners to spay or neuter their cats by six months of age. Alternatively, owners can obtain an annual permit for unaltered cats while also complying with all licensing requirements. Breeding cats requires a separate license. Always check your local laws for specific requirements.
Addressing Feral Cat Populations
In Colorado, feral cat colonies pose unique challenges. These cats, often unsocialized and unadoptable, contribute significantly to overpopulation. Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) programs are a humane and effective solution. Through TNR, feral cats are trapped, spayed or neutered, vaccinated, and returned to their original location. This approach stabilizes colony sizes and reduces the number of kittens born in the wild. Cat Care Society rents traps to help support TNR efforts. These initiatives not only control populations but also improve the quality of life for feral cats by reducing health issues and reducing conflicts with humans.
Cat Care Society’s Spaying and Neutering Policy
Cat Care Society has long championed spaying and neutering as a critical part of its mission, performing over 400 spay/neuter surgeries in 2024. Every cat adopted through CCS is spayed or neutered before leaving the shelter (unless there is a documented medical reason preventing the procedure from being performed safely), ensuring that adopters take home a pet that will not contribute to overpopulation and have the best chance of living a healthy and happy life.
Overcoming Myths and Misconceptions
Despite widespread advocacy, myths about spaying and neutering persist. We address some common misconceptions below:
- Myth: “My cat will become lazy or overweight after being spayed/neutered.”
Fact: Proper diet and exercise are the keys to maintaining a healthy weight, not reproductive status. - Myth: “My cat should have one litter before being spayed.”
Fact: There is no medical evidence to suggest that having a litter before being spayed is beneficial to the cat. In fact, spaying cats eliminates the possibility of developing uterine or ovarian cancer and reduces the risk of mammary cancer. - Myth: “It’s unnatural and/or painful to alter my cat.”
Fact: Domestic cats rely on humans for their well-being. Spaying and neutering prevent suffering caused by overpopulation and its consequences, making it a responsible and ethical choice for cat owners. Spay and neuter procedures are performed under general anesthesia so the procedure is not felt by the cat. There may be mild discomfort after the surgery, which can be lessened with pain medication, and most cats return to normal activity within 24-72 hours.
Taking Action: How You Can Help
If you’re a cat owner or advocate in Colorado, there are several ways to contribute to the spay and neuter movement:
- Spay or Neuter Your Cat: If your cat hasn’t been altered, schedule a surgery as soon as possible. Check out our Resources section of veterinary services, including low-cost clinics.
- Support TNR Programs: Get involved by volunteering with or donating to organizations that run TNR programs in your community. Explore our Resources section of groups offering services and resources for feral or unowned community cats and check out our blog post on other ways you can support local feral cats.
- Promote Awareness: Share the importance of spaying and neutering with kindness and compassion with others. Help dispel misconceptions and inspire others to practice responsible pet ownership.
- Adopt, Don’t Shop: By adopting from shelters, you’re giving a home to a cat that has likely already been spayed or neutered, supporting the broader community and mission of population control. If you’re ready to open up your home to a new cat, check out our adoptable cats.
Shaping Colorado’s Future: A Compassionate Commitment to Cats
Spaying and neutering play a crucial role in shaping the future of animal welfare. In Colorado, a state known for its vibrant and dedicated pet-loving community, these procedures are essential to giving every cat the chance for a safe and healthy life.
By prioritizing spaying and neutering, we can reduce shelter intake numbers, minimize euthanasia rates, and improve the overall quality of life for cats across the state. Donating makes a tangible difference—for example, a $25 donation covers the cost of one neuter surgery here at Cat Care Society. Together, we can make Colorado a model of compassion and care for our cat community.
About the Author: Beth Dokolasa is a volunteer for Cat Care Society and serves on the Board of Directors. She is an instructional developer for Natural Grocers and lives in Indian Hills, Colo., with her husband, daughter, and two cats, Techno and Digit.
Introduction
In Colorado, caring for animals isn’t just a calling—it’s a fundamental responsibility governed by the Pet Animal Care Facilities Act (PACFA). Established in 1994, this program protects the health, safety, and welfare of animals in pet care facilities while also protecting consumers who utilize pet-related services.
Whether someone runs an animal shelter (like we do at Cat Care Society!), a pet grooming business, a breeding operation, or a rescue, PACFA requires a license to legally care for animals. This state law sets comprehensive standards to ensure that animals in licensed facilities receive proper care. Through regular updates and inspections, PACFA prioritizes animal welfare, positioning Colorado as a leader in this field. In this article, we’ll explore the broad and comprehensive scope of PACFA, clarify what it doesn’t cover, and explain why it matters for pets and pet owners across Colorado.
PACFA’s Scope
PACFA is Colorado’s state law that regulates companion animal care facilities, ensuring animals receive proper treatment and live in environments where their physical and emotional needs are met. Some animals covered under PACFA include cats, dogs, birds, guinea pigs, mice, rats, hamsters, gerbils, ferrets, rabbits, reptiles, amphibians, and fish.
One of the strongest aspects of PACFA is its comprehensiveness and level of detail. Below are just some of the areas it covers. Note that requirements are individualized based on animal type.
- Animal housing and enclosures
- Size, based on animal, size, and length of stay
- Material
- Cleanliness
- Sanitation practices
- Food and water
- Storage
- Serving containers
- Access
- Sanitation practices
- Facility standards
- Safe building materials
- Water quality
- Lighting
- Air quality
- Temperature
- Secure enclosures
- Sanitation
- Overall maintenance
- Outdoor access and environment
- When animals must be separated from others based on behavior, type of facility, age of the animal, quantity, and type of the animal
- Animal supervision
- Veterinary care and disease control
- Transportation of animals
- Adoption/sale based on age and weight
- Pregnant and nursing animal care and environment standards
- Foster care requirements
- Contingency planning for natural disasters and other emergencies
- Proactive behavior and enrichment plans
- Recordkeeping related to each individual animal in care
PACFA Compliance and Oversight
The Colorado Department of Agriculture (CDA) is responsible for enforcing PACFA regulations. This oversight ensures that any organization involved in pet care operates with transparency, accountability, and a deep commitment to the animals in their charge. To earn and maintain a PACFA license, facilities like shelters, rescues, pet stores, and groomers must pass rigorous inspections, meet specific criteria on an ongoing basis, and complete annual reporting.
PACFA’s licensing program isn’t just about paperwork—it’s about safeguarding animal welfare. By maintaining a PACFA license, facilities commit to meeting essential standards for animal housing, health, and safety, all under the enforcement of the CDA. And as these standards are regularly updated, shelters and rescues must stay current, adapting to new regulations that reflect the evolving practices in animal care. Additionally, current PACFA licensees must complete a qualifying continued education every two years to stay up-to-date with PACFA’s standards.
What are the differences between an animal shelter, a rescue, and a sanctuary?
While the terms shelter, rescue, and sanctuary are often used interchangeably, the Colorado Department of Agriculture provides distinct legal definitions for each. The Rules and Regulations Pertaining to the Administration and Enforcement of the Pet Animal Care and Facilities Act (8 CCR 1201-11) specify the classifications for various types of animal facilities. At Cat Care Society (CCS), we operate as a private non-profit animal shelter and do not receive any government funding.
- Animal Rescue – any firm, person, or corporation that accepts pet animals for the purpose of finding permanent adoptive homes for these animals and does not maintain a central facility for keeping animals.
- Animal Shelter Facility: any firm, person, or corporation, whether public or private, that houses pet animals for impoundment purposes; or a centralized, private facility that accepts or houses pet animals and whose facilities are self-contained and used exclusively for the purpose of caring for and housing pet animals according to these rules.
- Animal Sanctuary Facility: a subclassification of “animal shelter,” is any private facility that harbors pet animals, that is not used for impoundment purposes, and that is not used exclusively for the purpose of caring for or housing pet animals.
What PACFA Doesn’t Cover
PACFA isn’t animal control or animal protection. Municipal animal control units enforce municipal and state ordinances typically related to private citizen pet ownership, such as dog licensing, leash laws, lost and found, and cruelty/neglect. However, PACFA staff may partner with a local animal control unit if animal cruelty and neglect is discovered.
Additionally, PACFA is required by the state to report animal cruelty and neglect to local law enforcement or the Colorado Bureau of Animal Protection (BAP). BAP conducts outreach and education to prevent neglect and mistreatment of domestic and companion animals in Colorado and follow-up on complaints to help enforce pertinent laws.
PACFA doesn’t oversee licensure of veterinarians or vet techs. The State Board of Veterinary Medicine within Colorado’s Department of Regulatory Medicine regulates and licenses/registers veterinarians and veterinary technicians in the State of Colorado.
Cat Care Society: Raising the Bar
Since 1981 Cat Care Society has been committed to a very simple mission: provide cats with the best possible care until they find their forever homes. We fully comply with PACFA’s standards, and our commitment to evolving with the research behind these regulations reflects our ongoing dedication to providing the best possible care for the cats we serve. But we don’t stop there. We believe every cat deserves a safe, loving environment, regardless of age or medical condition.
From individualized care plans to behavioral enrichment programs and our exceptional volunteer and foster teams, we strive to exceed PACFA’s requirements to make sure each cat is living its best life. That includes having a free-roaming environment for our cats and going above and beyond in evaluating older and special-needs cats to determine the best course of treatment and care.
Why PACFA Matters
PACFA isn’t just about enforcing rules—it’s about creating a culture of responsibility and compassion across the entire pet care field. By ensuring that everyone in the business of caring for animals meets high standards, PACFA guarantees that every cherished pet gets the attention, safety, and love they deserve.
And at Cat Care Society, we’re all about love—our love for cats and our dedication to upholding the values that PACFA instills. Together, with PACFA’s guidance, we’ll continue to make Colorado a better, safer place for animals, one purr at a time.
Use PACFA and CCS Resources to Make Informed Choices
We want all animals to be treated with respect and care which is why we encourage you to reference the PACFA Active Facilities List when selecting a pet care service. The CDA also provides detailed information on their website including data, FAQs, and of course, the full PACFA legislation. Here at CCS, we’re committed to transparency, so on our About Us page, you can find details about how we care for our cats, our latest impact report, our strategic plan, and much more! We also offer an extensive list of recommended pet service providers on our Resources page.
About the Author: Beth Dokolasa is a volunteer for Cat Care Society and serves on the Board of Directors. She is an instructional developer for Natural Grocers and lives in Indian Hills, Colo., with her husband, daughter, and two cats, Techno and Digit.
Winter, with its short days and chilly weather, often confines us indoors, making it the perfect season to enjoy the warmth and company of a cat. A field of study known as zooeyia (pronounced zoo-AY-uh) explores the positive impact of human-animal interactions on health, including physical, mental and emotional health. Meaning a cat isn’t just comforting a cozy companion during the colder months, but you share a beneficial, lifelong bond. In this article, we’ll explore the many health benefits to sharing your home with a cat. We’ll also provide some fun activities to enjoy with your cat during a cozy snow day.
Zooeyia: The Healing Power of Pets
Derived from the Greek word for “animal” (zoion) and “health” (Hygeia, the ancient Greek goddess of health), zooeyia encompasses the wide-ranging physical, emotional, and social benefits of owning pets. Cats, as beloved companions, exemplify zooeyia by their ability to:
- Boost Mental Health: Cats have been shown to reduce stress and increase happiness in both adults and children. They often become part of family rituals and conversations, bringing joy and connection among household members. Despite their occasionally aloof expressions, cats don’t judge us. Their calming presence, combined with their warm purrs and cozy lap-sits, playful zoomies and graceful stretches, can instantly lighten our mood. Research supports this: petting a cat lowers cortisol, the stress hormone, and increases oxytocin, a chemical that promotes trust and reduces anxiety. Caring for a cat can also enhance self-esteem and provide emotional support, which helps prevent loneliness and makes life’s struggles easier to manage.
- Support Physical Health: Studies have found that cat owners maintain lower heart rates and blood pressure during stressful tasks and recover faster than non-owners. Additionally, owning a cat is linked to a reduced risk of heart attack and cardiovascular disease—even for those who no longer own a cat but did in the past. These benefits remain significant even when controlling for factors like blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking, and body mass index.
- Promote Physical Activity: Engaging in interactive play with cats keeps both you and your kitty active, even indoors. Not to mention, cats can boost flexibility—they’ll have you bending down to rescue lost toys from under the couch, squatting to clean the litter box, and perfecting your poses as they “help” during yoga sessions!
Fun Indoor Activities to Enjoy with Your Cat
Combat winter monotony by getting creative with your cat! These activities not only enrich your pet’s life but also elevate your mood and strengthen the bond between you and your kitty.
- Build a Pillow Fort: Transform your living room into a cozy playground by constructing a fort with pillows, blankets, and boxes. Most cats love exploring confined, soft spaces, making this a win for both comfort and entertainment.
- Get Crafty With New DIY Toys: Create cat toys with household items, like crumpled paper balls and empty toilet paper rolls, to stimulate your cat’s hunting instincts. Be sure to give your cat a high-protein snack afterwards, which is what they would enjoy after hunting in the wild.
- Watch a Movie Together: Find a bird documentary to stream and watch it with your cat. It’ll provide you both with entertaining mental enrichment.
- Use Extra Indoor Time for Training: Contrary to popular belief, cats can learn tricks, especially when you use clicker training. Use positive reinforcement to teach your cat simple commands like “sit” or “high five.” Clicker training not only engages a cat’s mind but also supports their mental health, making it especially beneficial for cats who are easily stressed.
- Create a Winter Spa Day: Groom your cat with a gentle brushing session, trim their nails, brush their teeth, and take a nap together. This strengthens your bond and keeps them healthy, especially their coat, which is important during the dry winter months.
Note that some cats need breaks from physical touch. Read our blog post on overstimulation in cats to learn how to recognize the signs to ensure a positive experience.
Closing Thoughts
Cats offer much more than companionship—they embody the principles of zooeyia by enhancing our mental and physical health, especially in challenging times like winter. Pairing these benefits with fun activities ensures both you and your cat stay happy and engaged. We always have cats available for adoption, so check them out if you’re ready to embrace the warmth and joy they bring to your home (or multiply it if you already have cats!).
About the Author: Beth Dokolasa is a volunteer for Cat Care Society and serves on the Board of Directors. She is an instructional developer for Natural Grocers and lives in Indian Hills, Colo., with her husband, daughter, and two cats, Techno and Digit.
Resources
Allen, K., Blascovich, J., & Mendes, W. (1998). Cardiovascular reactivity and the presence of pets, friends, and spouses: the truth about cats and dogs. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 30(1–2), 116. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8760(98)90295-1
Anderson, K. L., & Olson, J. M. (2015). The value of a pet in enhancing the quality of life. The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, 28(4), 526–534. https://www.jabfm.org/content/28/4/526.long
McConnell, A. R., Brown, C. M., Shoda, T. M., Stayton, L. E., & Martin, C. E. (2011). Friends with benefits: On the positive consequences of pet ownership. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101(6), 1239-1252. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024506
Stammbach, K. B., & Turner, D. C. (1999). Understanding the Human—Cat Relationship: Human Social Support or Attachment. Anthrozoös, 12(3), 162–168. https://doi.org/10.2752/089279399787000237
Introduction
With Halloween approaching, it’s the perfect time to spotlight a particular type of cat—and no, we’re not talking about black cats! Instead, we’re focusing on tri-color cats, whose coats feature a mix of black, orange, and white in varying patterns and ratios. While “tri-color” and “calico” are often used interchangeably, calico cats have a distinct coat pattern. Tortoiseshell cats are also considered tri-color, even though they usually lack white and have their own unique pattern. It’s important to remember that “calico” and “tortoiseshell” refer to coat patterns, not breeds. These color combinations are the result of genetics and can appear in any breed, though they are more commonly found in breeds like American Shorthair, British Shorthair, Japanese Bobtail, Maine Coon, and Persian.
There are also diluted and tabby variations of tortoiseshell and calico cats—so many colorful kitties to love! In the rest of this article, we’ll explore the different markings and patterns that define each type of tri-color coat. By the end, you’ll be able to recognize the unique beauty of every tri-color cat you encounter.
Tri-color Cat Genetics
Tri-color cats are almost always female, with approximately one in 3,000 being male. This is because two X chromosomes are needed to have a distinctive tri-color coat. Typically, if a cat has an XX pair, she will be female. Male cats have an XY chromosome pair, so they’re not tri-color unless they have at least one extra chromosome (XXY). Unfortunately, these males often suffer from Klinefelter’s Syndrome, a condition that can negatively affect their health and longevity.
Calico Cats and Their Variations
Calico cat coats feature patches of solid orange, black, and white. The white color is a result of a genetic condition called piebalding, which occurs in a range of other domestic and farm animals. In a diluted calico, the colors are more muted to cream, gray, and white, due to a gene inherited from one of the parents that diminishes color intensity.
“Tabico” is a term for cats that have a combination of tabby and calico markings. These cats have large patches of orange and black on a white background, with tabby stripes overlaying some of the black and orange areas. When tabby stripes cover the forehead, they form the distinctive “tabby M.” A diluted tabico’s coat features cream, gray, and white fur.
Tortoiseshell Cats and Their Variations
Tortoiseshell, or “tortie,” cats have brindle patterns (irregular stripes or streaks) of orange and black with little to no white. A diluted tortie has gray and cream colors and is a result of both parents carrying a recessive gene that impacts the intensity of the colors.
A torbie cat exhibits both the multi-colored brindle pattern of a tortoiseshell cat and the characteristic stripes or spots of a tabby. Like the tabico, if there are tabby stripes on the cat’s forehead, they will display the “tabby M.” Diluted torbies usually have a cream, gray and white coat.
Tortico: A Unique Blend
A “tortico” is a combination of classic tortie and calico markings, featuring large patches of orange and black brindling on a white background. A diluted tortico is relatively rare, and will be gray and cream, and white.
Closing and Final Fun Facts!
As you can see, there are many variations of tri-color cats but you can still count yourself lucky if you run into one! In many cultures tri-color cats are connected with good luck and good fortune, and in the U.S., they are sometimes called “money cats.”
People who have tri-color cats often report that they’re equally sweet and sassy and tortoiseshell cat owners often refer to their feisty side as having “tortitude.” However, since tri-color cats aren’t a breed, research hasn’t been able to confirm that this extra feistiness is a distinct trait related to their coat pattern. That said, if you haven’t taken our “Whats Your Cat Purrsonality” quiz on our Just Fur Fun page, now’s your chance! Discover which cat breed or color pattern best represents you—maybe even find out if you have a bit of tortitude!”
About the Author: Beth Dokolasa is a volunteer for Cat Care Society and serves on the Board of Directors. She is an instructional developer for Natural Grocers and lives in Indian Hills, Colo., with her husband, daughter, and two cats, Techno and Digit.
Imagine a cat who embodies charm in the most unexpected ways — a grumpy old soul with baggage yet a heart full of hidden warmth. That’s Scrunkly for you. In October 2023, this white senior arrived at Cat Care Society, the perfect blend of quirky, disheveled and endearing.
Rescued from the streets of Longmont and sent to Cat Care Society, Scrunkly arrived with a hefty dose of grump and a laundry list of medical issues.
We knew Scrunkly was going to be a special case needing a high level of care. He was in poor condition and quite simply, a hot mess. He refused to be handled for his intake exam and required sedation.
Once we got a better look at what was in front of us, we realized the extent of his conditions. Chronic kidney disease, arthritis, asthma, anemia, a heart murmur and inverted eyelids were just the beginning. Add a breaking upper respiratory infection (URI) and conjunctivitis, and he was placed on an aggressive medication and treatment schedule.
But no matter how much he fought us, we were determined to give Scrunkly the care he needed.
Within a week, the first breakthrough. His URI resolved and congestion cleared. Then we discovered at least one source of pain: a mystery mass in his abdomen, which turned out to be a massive hairball we removed.
He was stable, but the road ahead had more bumps.
It was time for Scrunkly to go to a foster who could better assess his quality of life in a calmer environment. In Emma’s home, he slowly began to present another side of himself. One that started to like being pet and demand a spot on the couch, his grumbles slowly turning into greetings.
With his most urgent issues addressed and his other conditions chronic, Scrunkly was up for adoption.
This grumpy old man with a penchant for complaining was about to hit the jackpot. Dylan, a veterinary professional with a soft spot for elderly cats, stumbled on Scrunkly’s photo on Petfinder. After showing his partner, they couldn’t wait to meet him.
“At the shelter, Scrunkly was very shy, but the gingerly way he walked melted our hearts, and we decided we loved him and wanted him to live with us,” Dylan recalled.
Unafraid of his medical needs, Dylan and Dante’s patience was worth it. It took months for Scrunkly to allow them to touch him, but he slowly began to trust them. He leaned into their hands. Now, he greets them with headbutts and purrs when they come home.
“He’s just a gem, and his grumbles melt my heart!” Dylan said. “We’re obsessed with him. He’s hilarious, and he makes us laugh all the time with his sweet and silly personality.”
We knew that Scrunkly was never going to be the world’s most affectionate, outgoing cat. But we also knew that someone would love him for exactly who he is.
What we did for Scrunkly is what we inherently do here at CCS. By figuring out what he needed and creating a plan to manage his conditions, he was set up for success.
When you donate to us, you ensure that the future Scrunklys have a shot at finding a loving home, too. Your financial support means we can continue to diagnose and treat the hardest of cases. We can say yes to helping more cats who need a second chance.
Thank you for supporting this work!
EC Michaels Executive Director
Is your cat constantly scratching or grooming themselves? Allergies could be the cause.
Just like humans, cats can suffer from food allergies, environmental allergies such as pollen, dander, mold, feathers, cleaning solutions, etc., as well as flea allergies. The incidence of allergies in cats has been rising, and determining the specific allergen can require some detective work and assistance from your vet.
In this post, we’ll explore the complexities of identifying cat allergies, discuss treatment options and share an inside look at how Cat Care Society (CCS) handles allergies in our shelter cats.
Allergy Symptoms in Cats
Regardless of the allergy trigger, the most common sign a cat has an allergy is itchy skin, which often leads to excessive scratching and overgrooming (or licking themselves, sometimes to the point that you may notice bald patches or hair loss, maybe even infection).
In most cats, flea bites cause only minor irritation in cats. However, if a cat has a flea allergy, it can trigger a severe reaction, resulting in excessive scratching, hair loss and the development of sores and scabs. Food and environmental allergies can cause similar symptoms of overgrooming and scratching. These open sores can become infected with bacteria, creating an even more significant issue. The scabs, known as miliary dermatitis, are named for their resemblance to millet seeds.
For example, Bitter, one of our shelter cats pictured below, came to CCS with miliary dermatitis all over her face and was a very itchy girl. After a couple of months and some adjustments to find the right treatment, her skin improved, and she is now a happy, friendly and playful kitty enjoying her new home.
What to Consider When Adopting a Cat with a Potential Allergy
At Cat Care Society, every cat with a suspected allergy has an allergy waiver included in his or her records. This waiver provides potential adopters with insights into what they might expect if they adopt the cat and includes useful information to share with their veterinarian for developing a long-term allergy management plan. If a cat remains in CCS’ care long enough to show positive results from the allergy protocol, the waiver is updated with details about the cat’s response and the suspected allergy status. See the example allergy waiver below.
Cat Care Society’s Allergy Waiver
This cat is being treated for allergies. Allergies may have multiple causes, including food or environmental causes. While humans generally develop upper respiratory allergies (runny nose, watery eyes), cats tend to develop skin allergies which leads to itchiness and scratching, which can cause secondary infections. This cat is currently being managed with antibiotics to treat the secondary infection and a corticosteroid called prednisolone that treats the allergy itself. He has also been placed on a special diet to help control any underlying food allergies. He will likely need long-term, ongoing treatment to manage his condition, and his skin may never fully resolve to that of a normal cat. The goal for cats with allergies is to minimize itchiness/discomfort and minimize secondary bacterial infections of the skin. Cats with allergies will sometimes have “flare-ups” requiring additional veterinary care, even when allergies are generally well controlled. Please share these medical records with your veterinarian and discuss what long-term management strategy will be most effective for this cat; most likely, he will need long-term management with daily medications and a prescription diet.
This condition is likely to require ongoing care and management. Please consult your vet regarding ongoing monitoring and management of this condition. CCS is not responsible for any further diagnostics or treatment regarding this condition.
If your cat has a suspected food allergy, your vet may recommend a dietary elimination trial to remove common allergens. There are also blood tests your veterinarian can run to help identify your cat’s allergy trigger. Once the trigger has been identified, treatment is often manageable by simply avoiding or eliminating the trigger, such as a specific food ingredient or household product.
For flea allergies, regular use of a flea control product can effectively prevent flea bites. If your cat has seasonal environmental allergies, your veterinarian can recommend the best management approach based on your cat’s specific needs. Since there is no cure for allergies — only treatment of symptoms to improve quality of life — it is important to monitor your cat for flare-ups so treatment can be adjusted as needed.
How Cat Care Society Manages Cats with Allergies
Dr. Cecily Palamara, CCS’ lead veterinarian, shared the approach her team takes with cats in the shelter suspected of having allergies. First, cats are typically identified by excessive scratching and grooming. Those cats are put in a special room together and fed prescription allergy food. They’re also given Atopica, a medication that suppresses the immune system but is generally safer than steroids with fewer side effects.
If you visit CCS, you’ll notice that some of the cats are wearing cones or donuts to help prevent overgrooming, allowing their scabs and wounds to heal properly. CCS’ medical team uses this multipronged approach to help alleviate symptoms as soon as possible and to help make the cats feel more comfortable. And it has proven to be very successful.
“In the shelter, our main goal is to make these cats comfortable quickly, give them the best chance of adoption and show their adopter that it can be managed,” Dr. Palamara said.
Additionally, many times, CCS takes in cats with limited or no documented history, so it’s initially unclear if there’s a behavioral issue causing the overgrooming, such as anxiety, arthritis or FIC (Feline Idiopathic Cystitis). One CCS cat, Chief Benja, is a great example of this type of situation. At first, the CCS medical team wasn’t sure if his overgrooming and hair loss on his back was due to a behavior issue or underlying pain and discomfort. After a behavioral and pain medication didn’t make a difference, they switched to their full allergy protocol, and now he has a full, healthy coat. In the picture below, you can see the hair growing back on Chief Benja’s side and leg. He is now thriving in his new forever home!
Humans with Allergies to Cats
According to the American Academy of Family Physicians, an estimated 10% to 20% of the global population is allergic to cats, making cat allergies the second most common indoor respiratory allergy, after house dust mites. The rising rates of cat allergies align with the growing number of Google searches for “hypoallergenic cats” over the past two decades. For those interested in hypoallergenic options, Sphynx cats, which are hairless, are among the closest you can get to a hypoallergenic cat, although their effectiveness can vary from person to person. This is because allergies can also be triggered by proteins in cat saliva and cat dander (dead skin flakes), not just fur. Every person’s body and allergy response is different, so it’s best to consult with your doctor to identify your specific allergy triggers and find an appropriate solution.
Cats With Allergies Are Nothing to Sneeze At
Dr. Palamara shared some comforting words for anyone interested in adopting a cat with allergies — or someone who already has a cat with them! “Allergy cats can be very challenging, but they can also be very, very rewarding,” she said. “Don’t overlook these cats, even though they may be a little bit more intensive in terms of care. Our allergy room is my favorite right now because you walk in, sit on the ground, and all the cats come up and lay on you; they’re the sweetest kitties. Once you’ve educated yourself about what it entails to take care of one of these cats, it’s it is doable for a lot of people.”
If you suspect your cat has an allergy, visit our Veterinary and Medical Services resource page to find a vet for support. Check out other CCS blog posts related to cat health and medical care to stay informed about your cat’s wellness, and if this article sparked your interest in learning more about cat behavior, there are plenty of blog posts about that, too!
About the Author: Beth Dokolasa is a volunteer for Cat Care Society and served on the organization’s junior board. She is an instructional developer for Natural Grocers and lives in Indian Hills, Colo., with her husband, young daughter, and two cats, Techno and Digit.
In today’s busy world, finding time to contribute to causes we care about can be challenging. Workplace giving programs make this easy, offering a unique and impactful way to make a difference. These programs empower employees to support their favorite charities directly through their employers via automatic payroll deductions, fostering a culture of giving and a community of change-makers.
Why Workplace Giving Matters
When you participate in workplace giving, you are able to easily support your favorite charities
- Simplified Giving: Streamline the donation process and give without the hassle of doing it on your own. If you choose to support multiple non-profits, this eliminates the need for you to make multiple transactions.
- Increased Impact: Some employers match employee donations, doubling or even tripling the impact of individual contributors and allowing your support to go further.
- Enhanced Engagement: Companies that promote giving often see higher levels of employee engagement and satisfaction. When employees align their work with their values, they feel a stronger sense of purpose and connection to their organization.
- Stronger Communities: Workplace giving programs enable organizations to pool resources and support a range of causes. This collective effort helps address local and global challenges and creates a ripple effect of positive change.
- Tax Benefits: Contributions made through workplace giving are often tax-deductible, providing extra financial benefit.
How Your Dollars Help
Last year, Colorado employees made a significant difference in the lives and well-being of shelter cats! Thanks to these generous donors, the average gift amount made to local non-profits like us was $494 per contributor (source)!
When Cat Care Society receives donor contributions, we put the money directly into the care of our cats. Here are just some of the ways your dollars are at work:
- $500 pays for 20 days of care for a shelter cat — the average length of time before adoption.
- $300 covers the average cost of stay for a kitten’s care.
- $100 provides a year’s worth of arthritis medicine for 6 seniors.
- $50 buys two weeks of diabetic food for one cat.
- $25 pays for one neuter surgery.
- $5 pays for a FVRCP vaccine for one cat.
How to Get Started & Support CCS
The first step to participating as an employee is to check with your employer (try your supervisor or HR manager) to find out if they allow workplace giving and offer payroll deductions. If they do, you should receive a form where you can designate which charity you would like to support and how much of your paycheck should be deducted for donations. Then, you can rest assured that your funds are being provided to charities who need your support.
If your employer does not (yet) offer a workplace giving program, you can request that they offer it as a benefit! Encourage your colleagues to do the same; the more voices advocating for this benefit, the greater your chances are of getting it in place! Try out this sample template to send to your company’s HR contact:
Dear [HR Director Name],
One of the things I value most about [COMPANY NAME] is its commitment to community, and that is why I would like to suggest that we start a workplace giving campaign.
Workplace giving allows employees to make automated tax-deductible gifts through payroll deductions, and it is the highest yielding, lowest cost method of fundraising for non-profit organizations. In addition to boosting our company’s reputation and other benefits, workplace giving demonstrates [COMPANY NAME’s] support for the charitable interests of its employees, encourages teamwork and allows employees to assume ownership of a visible and important event.
Being able to give to charitable organizations that I care about through payroll deduction at the workplace is important to me, and I would appreciate it if our company would offer it.
Questions? Contact Ashleigh Leader, director of philanthropy, at aleader@catcaresociety.org or 303-237-4559 to learn more!
Cat Care Society has proudly participated in Community Shares of Colorado and the Combined Federal Campaign since 1997.
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Cute cat pics, advice and CCS events and updates await in our weekly(ish) Mewsletter.
What Do Other Employees Say About Workplace Giving?
The following quotes are direct from the mouths of local state employees who participate in the Colorado Combined Campaign (CCC) about the positive community impact of workplace giving:
- “I believe in giving back to causes that matter to me. It is encouraging to have the support of my organization.”
- “This makes it easy to help my community, and the charities are ones I believe in.”
- “I believe if we can, we all have a responsibility to help out others in need. I feel I’m just doing my part as I should. Besides, times change and maybe someday I’ll be the one in need and if that’s the case I’d like to think there’d be someone there to help me out.”
- “It is a convenient way to set up donations that I can have come out of my paycheck in small chunks which adds up for the organization by the end of the year. It is also really nice to be able to research new organizations that I haven’t heard of before.”
Together, Colorado employees can contribute to positive change in their communities, impacting lives and creating a better world. Start your contribution today!
Ever wonder how our shelter came to be? This is our origin story.
Cat Care Society (CCS) was founded in 1981 by Linda East, DVM and Lynn Rowe. It began on the second floor of East’s Lincoln Street cat-only veterinary clinic near downtown Denver and became an official 501(c)(3) federally tax exempt non-profit organization in October 1982.
In 1985, the founders purchased a small home at 11th and Harlan in Lakewood, which was converted and served as a shelter for the next 16 years. The house was sold when the shelter later relocated, but it still stands there today.
Kathy Macklem Hill was the organization’s first executive director, serving 20 years in total until January 2006. The first statistics collected in 1986 for eight months showed 146 adoptions, an average of 16 per month (compare this to our stats today!).
Photos: The Early Days
The current property was purchased as a parcel of land in the fall of 1994 to serve as a new cage-free cat shelter. It took much work to rezone the area from office to industrial use. A capital campaign was established to raise funds to build the shelter.
At this time, CCS only had three paid employees — a shelter manager, cleaner and a volunteer coordinator. The shelter manager also served as the vet tech, receptionist, adoption coordinator and fill-in cleaner, on call 24/7. The executive director volunteered her time at 60 to 80 hours a week. By this time, CCS was doing an average of 27 adoptions per month.
The small white house on the front of the property is the original farmhouse located on the property. In 1995, it was renovated to house a charity thrift store called Cajun’s Closet, named after CCS’ mascot at the time. Cajun was a large long-haired orange tabby in residence at the shop until 2002 when his health began to fail. After losing one eye and becoming blind in the other, it was time for him to retire. When the thrift shop closed, it was again remodeled for much-needed office space and now holds multiple administrative offices and some very special cats.
It took six years of grassroots fundraising from 1995 to 2001 to break ground on the $1.2 million, 10,000 square foot custom-built facility at 5787 W 6th Avenue in Lakewood. The shelter as we know it opened in 2001 and is where we still are today. The new building also allowed us to open our first in-shelter store, Meow Mart!
By 2002, adoptions increased to 862, an average of 72 per month.
In October 2005, we completed the lower level of the shelter and opened The Cat Clinic at Cat Care Society, which served both private-pay clients and low-income families. In 2018, the clinic was closed as it was no longer financially sustainable. However, the shelter cats are still taken care of in this area by our medical care team as all medical and treatment care remains in-house.
The first-ever Tails of the Painted Cats event was announced in 2010 and debuted in 2011, now heading into its 10th gala.
Learn more about us in this 40th-anniversary video produced by 9News Denver:
What do you remember of Cat Care Society’s early years? Share your memories and favorite moments in the comments!
Regular nail trims are an essential part of cat care, promoting both cat and human well-being while protecting your furniture, clothes and skin! However, it can be an anxiety-inducing task for everyone involved. Fortunately, there are many effective approaches to trimming your cat’s nails, and finding the right strategy can make the experience more manageable and less stressful for both you and your cat. Here, learn why nail trimming is important, when and how to trim a cat’s nails, and bonus tips for addressing issues that can arise from nails that would make even Freddy Krueger jealous.
Cat Paw Anatomy 101
Cats typically have 18 claws in total, with five on each front paw and four on each hind paw. The inner, shorter claw on the front paws is called a dewclaw. Unlike the other claws, dewclaws don’t usually touch the ground while walking. However, they still play a role in climbing and grabbing. Since they don’t wear down naturally, dewclaws need regular trimming alongside the other claws to prevent them from getting overgrown and uncomfortable.
Why and When to Trim Your Cat’s Nails
If a cat’s nails grow too long, they can start to curve and may puncture their footpads, leading to discomfort, mobility issues and infections. Longer nails are also more likely to snag on soft surfaces, potentially hindering their ability to climb and causing injuries.
If you adopted your cat as a kitten, it’s a great idea to start getting into the habit of trimming right away so your cat gets used to it (not to mention, the kitten age is often when they are the most destructive!).
All claws, including dewclaws, need regular trimming, typically every 2-4 weeks for indoor cats. You may discover that your cat’s front paws need more frequent trimming than rear paws. Older or arthritic cats, who tend to be less active, often require more frequent trims compared to younger, more active cats. Additionally, older cats may develop thicker, brittle nails, further increasing the need for more frequent nail care.
A Note About Declawing
We want to be clear that a nail trim is not the same as declawing. A nail trim for a cat is equivalent to humans trimming their fingernails. Declawing, on the other hand, is a surgical amputation of the last bone of each toe on a cat’s paw. In human terms, it would be akin to cutting off every finger at the first knuckle. Declawing should NEVER be used to prevent unwanted scratching.
Declawing has been found to cause behavioral and health issues, including back pain, litter box aversion and biting. It is banned or considered unethical in dozens of countries and states. In several U.S. cities, such as Denver, it is illegal to declaw cats!
Cat Care Society supports this ban. Scratching is a normal cat behavior that serves multiple purposes: removing dead husks from claws, marking territory visually and with scent glands, muscle stretching, and expressing energy and emotion. If you’re frustrated about your cat scratching furniture, starting with regular nail trims and positive reinforcement for using approved trees and posts is a great approach! We also share some other tips later in this article.
How to Trim Your Cat’s Nails
Most commonly, cat owners use a nail trimmer specifically designed for cats (or small dogs) like the one shown below. If the clippers are new, let your cat smell them first.
Get in Position
Before diving in, make sure your cat is in a comfortable position and relaxed. You can opt to be positioned behind your cat or holding them with both of you facing forward to make your cat more secure. You can also make it a two-person job and have one person hold the cat in a comfortable position while a second person trims the nails. If your cat is more experienced and/or super relaxed, you may find that you can position yourself in front of your cat.
Begin Trimming!
Cats have retractable claws, so to trim them effectively, gently press on the top of their paw to extend the claw completely. Use your other hand to hold the clippers and get ready to trim. Only trim the white part of the claw. The pink part of the claw contains actual tissue and can cause pain if trimmed. The Kitten Lady has a great analogy: Just like when we trim our own fingernails, we only trim the white parts!
Continue trimming each claw on every paw. If your cat begins to get squirmy, take a break! It’s perfectly fine to trim their nails over multiple sessions. Be patient and offer praise or treats throughout to keep your cat calm and cooperative.
Extra Care for Anxious Cats
If your cat becomes very anxious or upset when having their paws touched and nails trimmed, you might find the “Kitty Burrito Method” helpful! All you need is a thick bath towel or blanket. Watch the video below for detailed instructions. Notice how the vet tech gently applies pressure from above to keep the cat secure.
Pro Tip: If you are unable to trim your cat’s nails for any reason, you can always find a groomer to do it. Many veterinarians and pet supply stores, such as Petco, Chuck & Don’s and PetSmart, offer nail trimming as a service.
Alternative and Complementary Scratching Solutions
There may be times when trimming a cat’s claws doesn’t completely solve the problem. Jake Confer, Cat Care Society’s shelter operations manager, recommends nail cap products like Soft Paws for situations when you want to ensure the safety of children or other animals from sharp claws. Claw caps can also help if a cat has skin issues and/or scratches themselves excessively. While it may take some time for the cat to adjust to the feeling of the caps on their claws, they do not interfere with nail growth or the cat’s natural ability to extend and retract their claws.
Other humane solutions for preventing cats from damaging furniture include using scratch barrier tape, applying deterrent spray to the area, and providing scratching toys that cater to your cat’s preferences. For instance, if your cat prefers scratching carpets, provide more scratching mats. If they scratch vertically on couch ends, add additional scratching posts. If you’re able to offer a catio space, that can also help deter inappropriate scratching.
Regular nail trimming for your cat is not just about protecting your furniture and skin — it’s a crucial part of their health and well-being. Fortunately, in most cases, nail trimming can become a manageable and stress-free experience for both you and your cat. Remember, it’s a gradual process that can be made easier with practice, patience and positive reinforcement.
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Be sure to check out Cat Care Society’s Resources page to find cat behavior and cat medical specialists, and read more about other ways you can help maintain your cat’s well-being in other blog posts!
About the Author: Beth Dokolasa is a volunteer for Cat Care Society and served on the organization’s junior board. She is an instructional developer for Natural Grocers and lives in Indian Hills, Colo., with her husband, young daughter, and two cats, Techno and Digit.
If you have ever searched online for “Is ____ plant cat-safe?” only to be met with confusion or fear, or felt like you needed to choose between having cats OR plants in your home, this post is for you! While some plants are absolutely poisonous to cats, there are many beautiful cat-friendly plants and flowers that you can incorporate into your home.
In this guide, we’ll explore which plants to avoid and which ones are safe for your cat-friendly oasis. We’ll also share some tips on how to keep your curious kitty from turning your plants into a 24/7 salad bar.
Poisonous Plants
Below is a list of common plants you absolutely want to avoid if you have a cat. From azaleas triggering heart failure to lilies causing kidney failure in just three days, caution is essential. Lilies, in particular, require special mention. Every part of the plant is toxic to cats, including stems, leaves, flowers, pollen and even the vase water. Simply brushing against lily pollen and then grooming themselves can trigger a dangerous reaction in cats.
- Amaryllis
- Autumn Crocus
- Azaleas
- Castor Bean
- Cyclamen
- Daffodils
- Lilies: Easter Lilies, Asisatic Lilies, Stargazer Lilies, Japanese Lilies, Casa Blanca Lilies, Tiger Lilies, Day Lilies, Palm Lilies, Lily of the Valley
- Morning Glory
- Oleander
- Rhododendron
- Sago Palm
If you have concerns that your cat ingested a poisonous substance (even beyond plants), contact the Animal Poison Control Center at 888-426-4435 or contact your veterinarian right away.
Toxic Plants
The plants below are considered toxic to cats and usually cause mild symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, and temporary irritation of the mouth, throat and skin. The severity of these effects depends on how much of the plant is ingested and your cat’s unique biological sensitivity. To be on the safe side, it’s best to avoid keeping these plants in your home altogether.
- Aloe
- American Holly
- Begonias
- Birds of Paradise
- Bougainvillea
- Calla Lilies
- Carnations
- Chrysanthemums
- Coleus
- Cosmos
- Dahlias
- Daisies
- Dumb Cane
- Elephant Ear
- Ficus, including Fiddle Leaf Figs and Rubber Trees
- Fleabane
- Gardenia
- Geraniums
- Hibiscus
- Hydrangeas
- Iris
- Jade
- Lavendar
- Monsteras/Swiss Cheese Plants
- Mother in Law Tongue/Snake Plant
- Pansies
- Peace Lilies
- Peonies
- Philodendrons
- Pink Dianthus
- Plumbago
- Poinsettias
- Pothos
- Primrose
- Tulips
- ZZ plants
Cat-Safe Plants
Fortunately, there are plenty of cat-safe plants and flowers to brighten your home! While individual sensitivities can vary, the plants listed below are generally considered non-toxic and won’t cause serious problems if nibbled. However, if your cat experiences any digestive upset after contact with a plant, always consult your veterinarian for peace of mind.
- African Violet
- Alyssum
- Asters
- Blue Daisy
- Boston Fern
- Bottlebrush Tree
- Camlia
- Canna Lily
- Ceolisia Plumosa
- Christmas Cactus
- Coreopsis
- Easter Cactus
- Echevaria Succulents
- Freesia
- Friendship Plant
- Gerber Daisies
- Hens and Chicks
- Impatiens
- Marigolds
- Orchids
- Pampas Grass
- Peperomia
- Persian Violet
- Petunias
- Polkadot Plant
- Roses
- Snapdragons
- Spider Plant
- Star Jasmine
- Statice
- Sunflowers
- Sword Fern
- Zebra Hawthornia
- Zinnia
How to Keep Cats from Chewing Plants
Even if you only have cat-safe plants, it doesn’t necessarily mean you want your cats chewing on them. Fortunately, there are some easy ways to deter them from making a meal out of your marigolds!
- Place plants out of reach of your cat. Hanging baskets, tall plant stands, inaccessible or floating shelves and high surfaces are all great options.
- If you have plants in pots that are elevated and accessible to your cat, consider using museum putty to keep them securely in place.
- Use citrus as a deterrent. Make a homemade spray with two drops of citrus (orange, lime or lemon) and 2 ounces of water. Lightly spray your plants with the mixture to keep your cat away.
- Opt for cat-safe plants with broader leaves. Plants with slimmer foliage, like spider plants, may be more enticing to cats as they resemble grass, which cats are naturally attracted to.
- Grow something just for them such as cat grass, wheatgrass or catnip. If your cat goes for one of your houseplants, redirect them to the plant they’re allowed to eat.
- Create a soil deterrent. If your cat is more attracted to the soil, crumple some aluminum foil over the top as they don’t like the sound of it. You can also stick some plastic forks tines up in the soil to deter digging. Another option is to spray a piece of burlap with your citrus spray and lightly lay it over the soil.
The research isn’t totally clear on why cats have an instinct to eat grass and greens. Some theories suggest plants may soothe upset stomachs, aid digestion or offer missing nutrients. It could also simply mean that they’re bored. Enrich their environment through play, cat TV, treat-dispensing toys and adding or switching up their vertical territory. This can help keep your cat stimulated and your houseplants safe.
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Final Tips and Resources
With a little planning and creativity, you can create a harmonious home for both your cat and your houseplants. It is important to note that while you will carefully choose cat-safe plants for your home, your neighbors’ yards and gardens might include hazardous plants, making it one of the many good reasons to keep your cat indoors.
If you have concerns that your cat ingested a poisonous substance (even beyond plants), you can contact the Animal Poison Control Center at 888-426-4435. They also offer a huge database of plants that are toxic and non-toxic to cats, including less common plants, shrubs, and trees. However, if you think your cat ingested one of the more poisonous plants, be sure to take them to your veterinarian right away or locate an emergency vet clinic near you.
Finally, to ensure your new cat and plant paradise remains safe, share your newfound knowledge and this article with family and friends. That way, you can avoid well-meaning but potentially poisonous gifts like bouquets!
About the Author: Beth Dokolasa is a volunteer for Cat Care Society and served on the organization’s junior board. She is an instructional developer for Natural Grocers and lives in Indian Hills, Colo., with her husband, young daughter, and two cats, Techno and Digit.
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